Between Myth and History Is the Reality of Evil: Stanisław Różewicz’s “Lynx” (“Ryś”)
Abstract
The aim of Lynx, a film by Stanisław Różewicz, is to show the reality of evil, and overcome the boundary between its mythical representation and its occurrence in history. The audience is confronted with two extreme forms of evil that originate on the opposing poles of human free will. The first of these refers to the biblical myth of Adam and the problem of individuals yielding to evil. The second one, associated with the experience of Shoah, confirms the existence of evil in the human being, but above all in people, especially in the social, and systemic dimensions. The visual narrative in the film is a confrontation of both of these faces of the reality of evil, which confirms their interdependence and mutual entanglement, that cannot be fully explained and rationalised. Because of that the thesis about the banality of evil seems to be unacceptable.
Keywords:
Stanisław Różewicz, myth, evil, HolocaustReferences
Arendt Hannah, Eichmann w Jerozolimie. Rzecz o banalności zła, tłum. A. Szostkiewicz, Kraków 1998, s. 402.
Google Scholar
Biblia Tysiąclecia, tłum. zb., Pallottinum, Poznań – Warszawa 1980.
Google Scholar
Bierdiajew Mikołaj, Sens historii. Filozofia losu człowieka, tłum. H. Paprocki, Wydawnictwo Antyk, Kęty, 2002, s. 128,136.
Google Scholar
Bonhoeffer Dietrich, Ethik, Chr. Kaiser Verlag, München 1985, s. 226.
Google Scholar
Hendrykowski Marek, Stanisław Różewicz, Ars Nova, Poznań 1999, s. 100-103.
Google Scholar
Iwaszkiewicz Jarosław, Brzezina i inne opowiadania ekranizowane, Czytelnik, Warszawa 1987, s. 461, 463, 479, 482.
Google Scholar
Maszewska-Łupiniak Monika, Rzeczywistość filmowa Stanisława Różewicza, Wyd. UJ, Kraków 2009, s. 155-181.
Google Scholar
Ricoeur Paul, Symbolika zła, tłum S. Cichowicz, M. Ochab, Instytut Wyd. Pax, Warszawa 1986, s. 16, 222, 233.
Google Scholar
Stróżewski Władysław, Istnienie i sens, Znak, Kraków 1994, s. 7.
Google Scholar
Authors
Waldemar Frąckwartalnik.filmowy@ispan.pl
Jagiellonian University Poland
Absolwent filmoznawstwa i filozofii UJ, adiunkt w Zakładzie Teorii Filmu w Instytucie Sztuk Audiowizualnych UJ, członek redakcji czasopisma Komitetu Nauk o Kulturze PAN „Przegląd Kulturoznawczy”. Opublikował Kino możliwe (2003) oraz artykuły m.in. w „Kwartalniku Filmowym”, „Principiach”, „Przeglądzie Kulturoznawczym”, „Ethosie” oraz tomach zbiorowych.
Statistics
Abstract views: 36PDF downloads: 13
License
Copyright (c) 2012 Waldemar Frąc

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The author grants the publisher a royalty-free non-exclusive licence (CC BY 4.0) to use the article in Kwartalnik Filmowy, retains full copyright, and agrees to identify the work as first having been published in Kwartalnik Filmowy should it be published or used again (download licence agreement). The journal is published under the CC BY 4.0 licence. By submitting an article, the author agrees to make it available under this licence.
In issues from 105-106 (2019) to 119 (2022) all articles were published under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence. During this period the authors granted a royalty-free non-exclusive licence (CC BY-ND 4.0) to use their article in „Kwartalnik Filmowy”, retained full copyright, and agreed to identify the work as first having been published in our journal should it be published or used again.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Waldemar Frąc, Cinema and Harshness of Reality , Kwartalnik Filmowy: No. 75-76 (2011): Faces of Reality
- Waldemar Frąc, Cinema: Questioning Objects , Kwartalnik Filmowy: No. 74 (2011): Film Objects
- Waldemar Frąc, The Bodily Aspect of Film, the Film Aspect of the Body , Kwartalnik Filmowy: No. 83-84 (2013): Body in Film
- Waldemar Frąc, The Objectivism of Subjective Desires: The Transcendence of Sensuality in Gabriel Axel’s “Babette’s Feast” , Kwartalnik Filmowy: No. 66 (2009): Bad Taste Cinema – Good Taste Cinema